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J. 1:".A ALLEN.

STEAM 1100K DRILL. No. 297,552. Patente Apr. 29, 1884.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN F. ALLEN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

STEAM ROCK-DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.`29'7,552, dated April 29, 1884.

T0 all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, 'JOHN F. ALLEN, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam Bock- Drills, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to the arrangement of a series of passage-ways from the interior of the cylinder of a rock-drill in various directions, whereby the several parts connected therewith are operated'automatically from the pressure operating in the 'cylinder and at the required specific time.

rIhe invention consists, iirst,in the arrangement of passages closed by suitable self-acting valves between the main cylinder and a small cylinder containing a piston fast to the valverod, through which the valves which cause the admission and emission of the pressure into and from the main cylinder are operated; secondly, in the arrangement of suitable passageways through the central bolt, provided with twisted feathers or ribs working in a nut attached to the piston, whereby said piston and the tool or drill attached to the same are turned after each stroke, and through which passages the pressure acting in the cylinder will be admitted above a disk orplate, which, in com` bination with a series of disks, will cause said central bolt either to be held stationary to cause the turning of the main piston, or allow said bolt to turn freely, as may be required, without the employment of serrated wheels and pawls or other mechanical contrivances, and, further, in the arrangement of passage-ways connecting the interior of the cylinder with a rotary engine operating the feeding-screw of the rock-drill, said passages being uncovered by the passing piston whenever the piston has moved sufficiently down in the cylinder to require the rock-drill to be moved through said feeding-screw; further, in the arrangement of a passageway through the piston-rod and tool-steel, whereby the dbris in the drill-hole can be blown out during the upward movement of the drilling-tool; further, in the arrangement of the valvesv at or near the ends of the cylinder to obtain a free emission of the pressure from the cylinder through the open ends of the valve-case;

' Application filed May 29, 1R83. (No model.)

and, further, in the manner of attaching the tool-steel to the end of the piston-rod.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I represents a vertical section of a rock-drill embodying my invention. Fig. Il is a horizontal section at line 2, Fig. I. Fig. III is a top View with the cap B removed. Fig. IV shows the central part of the valve-chest face, which is attached to the cylinder. Fig. Vis a horizontal section at line 3, Fig. I.

Similar letters represent similar parts in all the iigures.

A represents the cylinder in which the piston B works. This piston B is made with two recesses, b and b. rIhe upper recess, b', is connected through passages c,passing through the body of the piston, with the lower part of the cylinder, and the lower recess, b, is connected through similar passages, c, with the upper part of'the cylinder.

C is the valve-casing, in the ends of which bushings e e are tightly secured, capable of being removed when worn by use. These bushings are made with suitable openings communicating with straight ports a a into the cylinder A.

D D are the piston-valves working in the bushings e e, attached to the valve-rod D.

In the central part of the valve-case O a cylinder, C, is arranged, closed at top and bottom, through which the valve-rod D works. A piston, D, is fastened to the central part of this valve-rod D', working in this cylinder C. The pressure introduced into the valve-chest O through the pipeU'su'rrounds this cylinder C and enters the ports a and a when the piston-valves are moved outward, while, by the inward motion of said piston-valves D, the emission of the pressure from the cylinder will be direct through the ends of the bushings and valve-case, whereby the emission of the pressure will be effected with the smallest amount of friction and back-pressure. To the upper end of the valve-chest an elbow-pipe, G, (shown in dotted lines in the drawings,) may be attached, to direct the escaping pressure at that end and protect the operator.

a n and m m are passages from the cylinder IOD working in said cylinder C', and are so arranged in the cylinder A that the passages m m will be open and connect with the interior of the cylinder A above and below the ends of the piston B when said piston has arrived near the bottom or near the top of the cylinder. its opening in the cylinder A will be open and connect with the recess b in the piston B when the said piston is near its bottoni stroke, while the passage a is so arranged that its opening in the cylinder A will be open and connect with the recess b" in the piston B when said piston is near its top stroke.

In the passages m m self-acting valves are placed, opening toward the cylinder C', and similar'valves are placed in the passages a a', opening toward the cylinder A,allowing thereby the pressure from the cylinder A to enter through the passages m or on into the cylinder C, and to allow the pressure in the cylinder C to escape through the passages a n into the cylinder A.

The operation will be as follows: When the piston B arrives near the bottom of its cylinder, the passage u will connect with the recess b in the piston B and allow thus the pressure, which was below the piston D in the cylinder C', to escape through said passage n into the recess b', and through the passages c to the lower end of the cylinder A, and then through the port a and the lower end of the valve-case C. The further motion of the piston B'will uncover the end of the passage m, which will then connect with the upper end of the cylindar A, allowing thus the pressure acting upon the top of the piston B to pass through said passage m into the cylinder C, to act upon the piston D in said cylinder C', thereby moving said piston D downward together with the piston-valves D D, so as to cause the pressure in the valve-case C to enter the lower port, a, to move the piston B upward, and at the same time allow the pressure which has previously been acting upon the piston in the upper end of the cylinder A to escape through the upper port, a, and the upper end of the valve-chest C. Then the piston B arrives near the upper end of the cylinder, the passage n will connect with the recess b, and allows thus the escape of the pressure above the piston D in the cylinder C through said passage n', recess b, and passages c, after which the lower edge of the piston B will uncover the end of the passage m to allow the pressure then acting in the lower end of the cylinder A to enter belo w the piston D into the cylinder C', thereby causing the upward movement of said piston D and of the piston-valves D D, when the pressure from the case C will enter again through the upper port, a, while the pressure from the lower end of the cylinder escapes through the port a and the end of the valvechest. It will thus be perceived that the changing of the piston-valves D D will be performed automatically at the proper time by The passage a is so arranged thaty the pressure acting in the cylinder A upon the piston B.

Eis a central bolt having inclined or twisted feathers working in a suitable nut attached to the upper end of the piston B. At the upper end of this bolt a circular head or flange, E', is arranged, upon which a disk, F, Ais placed, held in position by a hollow cap-piece, B', The bolt E passes freely through the cylinder-cover A', and between the cover A and head or iiange E of the bolt E a number of disks, d d', are placed. The disks d are held stationary by suitable projections in the cylinder cover A', while the disks cZ, placed alternate with the,disks d, are held stationary on the bolt E, capable of turning with the same. Through the bolt E a passage-way, h,

is made, connected through the passage-ways h h with the interior of the cylinder A. |The upper part of the passage-way 71l is made bell-mouthed in the ange E, and connects with two or more holes, 71,, passing through the disk F, and closed byaself-acting valve, f. When the pressure is admitted into the top of the cylinder A to act upon the top of the piston, this pressure will pass through the passages h 71, into the central passage-way, h, and into the recess made in the center of Jche piston B for the passage of the bolt E, and likewise through the holes h in the disk F into the hollow space of the cap-piece B. At the same time this pressure in the cylinder will have free access to the under side of the flange E of the bolt E, as well as to the disks d d, exerting, therefore, no power upon the bolt E, or any part connected with the same, and thus allow the free motion of said bolt, and allow the piston B to move perfectly straight downward. When the pressure in the upper end of the cylinder A is exhausted, the disks d and cl, as well as the under side of the flange E', will likewise be relieved of all pressure, while the valve f will close the openings h h, when the pressure previously admitted into the hollow part of the cap-piece B will force the disks d d', flange E', and disk F tight together, whereby the friction produced at the surfaces of the series of disks d and d will hold the bolt E perfectly firm; and, as before mentioned, one half of the disks are held stationary in the cylinder-cover A', and the other half of said disks are attached to the bolt E. By this holding stationary of the bolt E the piston B will be caused to turn, during its upward movement, partially around, the desired distance corresponding with the inclination of the ribs or feathers made on the bolt E. This holding fast of the bolt E, so as to cause the piston B, with the drilling-tool attached thereto, to turn partly around in consequence of its working on the spiral or twisted feathers or ribs during the upward movement of the piston, and the relieving of said bolt E to allow the saine to turn freely when the piston B moves downward, thus allowing a perfectly straight downward mo- IOO IIO

tion of the piston and its attached tool, it will from the above be perceived, is performed automatically by the pressure acting in the cylinder A, without any employment oftoothed or ratched wheels and pawls or other mechanical contrivance.

G is the feeding-screw, working in a suitable nut,`g, fast to the cylinder-cover A or to the cylinder A, and held fast, capable of turning in the upper end of the frame H. A handle or hand-wheel (not shown in the drawings) may be attached to the end of this screw G, to work the same by hand. This screw Gis surrounded by a tube or case, K, provided with a feather orkey, g, (see Fig. IL) working in a groove, g, running the whole length of the screw G. The lower end of the tube Ii is attached to the piston-rod of a small rotary engine, It, from which it receives its motion, communicating` the same through its key g to the screw G. The interior of this rotary engine R is connected with the interior of the cylinder A by the two passage-ways 11 and 1", the passage 1j admitting the pressure from the cylinder A into the rotary engine B to operate its piston, and thus to operate the screw G, and the passage 11 exhausting the pressure from the rotary engine into and through the cylinder A. The passage 1- connects with the interior of the cylinder A near the bottom, so as to be at all times open into the same and to exhaust into and through the same. The passage 1' is so arranged as to open into the cylinder and form a connection with the recess b in the piston B when said piston arrives at or near the end of its downward stroke. By this arrangement either one or both of the passages 11 and 1 will be subjected to the pressure actingt in the lower part of the cylinder A below the piston B, thereby producing no action on the piston in the rotary engine R; but as soon as said piston B comes into aposition that a communication will be made between the recess b and the passage 1, the pressure above the piston B will pass through the passages c and recess b into this passage 1-, and thus operate the piston in the rotary engine It sufficiently long to cause the screw G to move the cylinder or machine the desired distance downward.

L is the piston-rod, to the end of which the steel or cutting-tool M is attached. Through the lower end of this piston-rod L a central passage-way, w, is made, communicating with a central passage-way, w, through the whole length of the steel or cutting-tool M. The upper end, w', of the central hole, 1v, passes to the outside of the piston-rod L, and is so arranged that during the upward movement of the piston B and rod L this opening w will communicatewith theinterior of the cylinder A when the piston B is about near its top stroke,

so that the pressure acting at that time in the lower part of the cylinder A will enter this passage lw and pass through the passage 1c and the passage 10 in the tool-steel, escaping at the extreme lower end of the tool, and thus CID blow out all dbris from the drill-hole while the tool is raised from the bottom of the same.

continued blowing into the drill-hole, a pipe,

connecting with a recess, p, in the sleeve N, as shown in dotted lines in the drawings, through which the pressure will enter and passthrough the passages fw', 1b, and w into the drill-hole nearly the whole time of the operation.

To insure the perfectly central attachment of the cutting-tool M to the end of the pistonrod L, the lower end, J, of this piston-rod is enlarged and made tapering downward, or the largest'at its extreme end. Gibs Q, made in tapering end J, outside of which a solid ring, O, is driven tight; the tapering part J of the end of the piston-rod being likewise cut or split in three parts, (Fig. V,) to allow a slight springing to the same and to grip the central end, M', of the tool when the ring O is driven tight over the gibs Q and this tapering part J. By driving the ring O upward, the tool can readily be removed, and can be fastened again with the positive certainty of being always perfectly central by the tightening or driving downward of the ring O.

WV are cup-shaped steel plates, a number of which are placed in suitable recessed parts in the top and bottom of the cylinder A, with their raised part toward the inside of the cylinder. These cup-shaped steel plates t form springs for the piston B to abut upon at the end of its top and bottom motion, forming thus an elastic cushion for the same. Similar steel plates, V, are placed in the top and bottom of the cylinder C for the-piston Dl to cushion upon.

pass through the stuffing-box T on the end of the cylinder A, the bushing N is made in two parts, held in position by pins 1n, and the gland-bushing Sis likewise made in two parts, secured by the cap 1/ in the usual manner.

The gibsQ are arranged to allow the solid ring O to pass over the enlarged end J of the piston-rod L.

to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a rock-drill, the piston B, having two recessed parts b b, in combination with passage-ways c and c, respectively, said passages c c connecting the upper groove or recess in the piston with the lower part of the cylinder, and the lower recess in said piston with the upper part of the cylinder, in the manner and for the purpose described.

2. The piston D, moving in a closed cylinder, C', arranged in the valve -chest C, in combination with cylindrical valves D D, working in avalve-chest open at its ends, and connected together by the valve-rod D', substantially as set forth.

3. In a rock-drill, in combination with the i cylinder A, )rovided with a piston, B, having` If desired to produce 'a continued or nearlyA To enable the enlarged tapering end J to I), may be arranged from the main pipe U,

three parts,(see Fig. V,) are tted around this roo IVhat I claim as my invention, and desire two recesses, b b, and connected through passages c c, respectively, with the ends of cylinder A, and the cylinder C', provided, with a piston, D", attached to the valve-rod D, the passages n a and on m', provided with selfacting valves, arranged to operate in combination with the edges of the piston B and of its recesses bb, in the manner and for the purpose substantially as described.

4. In a rock-drill, in combination with the central bolt, E, provided with an end iiange, E, resting on disks d d, alternately held stationary in the cylinder-head A and on said bolt E, the passage-Ways h and h', disk F, with holes h, closed by a self-acting valve, f, and the hollow clianibered cap-piece B', arranged to operate by the pressure in the cylinder,

substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

5. In a rock-drill, the enlarged and tapering end J of the piston-rod L, divided or split in three or more parts, in combination with the gibs Q, inade in two or more parts, the solid ring O, and the cutting-tool M, as and for the purpose described.

6. In combination with the piston of a rockdrill, Working free in the cylinder, a series of dislcshaped springs, WV, placed in the ends of the cylinder, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

JOHN F. ALLEN.

Witnesses:

HENRY E. ROEDER, J. GEMMEL, J r. l 

